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Tips and Resource for Effective Public Speaking
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Date: March 30, 2011
Categories: Effective Public Speaking
1) picture everyone either naked or taking a dump
2) start your speech off with a joke
3) take a deep breath before you start speaking
The best techniques to overcoming fear of public speaking are the most simple ones. Presuming that you don’t suffer from an excessive degree of communication apprehension (beyond the general “jitters” that all public speakers face), here are seven steps that will work.
1. Speak about what you know. A good public speech comes from some degree of expertise. Ensure that your topic stems from your interests and experiences.
2. Prepare and practice. Public speaking is an artform that hides a discipline. You want to appear relaxed and conversational. But the only way to accomplish that goal is to develop a well conceived outline of your main points and run through your speech several times. I recommend that you practice in front of a video camera for self-analysis and also practice in front of two or three trusted friends. Ask for positive feedback and constructive criticism.
3. Visualize success. Many public speakers psyche themselves out because they presume their audiences will judge them harshly. Instead, you should prepare for success. Close your eyes and visualize your audience enjoying your speech. Use your imagination to see them nodding with appreciation at your insights, hear them laughing at your well-timed humor, and expect them to be clapping at your successful conclusion. The body generally follows the lead of the mind. So if the mind is prepared to do well, the body will perform accordingly.
4. Anticipate some “nerves.” When your heart rate increases, your palms get clammy, and your extremities shake mildly, it’s a scary sensation, but it’s entirely normal. It’s called the “fight or flight” response; it’s your body preparing to do something extraordinary. And for most people, public speaking is extraordinary. So when you experience nerves, don’t overreact to them. That’s just your body’s way of saying, “This is different, and I’m getting ready for it.” As you progress through the speech, your nerves will reach a plateau and then the physical signs of your anxiety will decrease. Pretty soon you’ll feel much better.
5. Pay particular attention to your introduction and conclusion. Professionals might explain this in terms of ‘primacy effect’ and ‘recency effect,’ but the general rule is: start and leave with a good impression. Your intro should begin with a timely story or interesting statistic, one that sets the scene for your speech. The conclusion should “tie back” to that story or statistic – conveying that you’re wrapping the speech up – and end on a thoughtful and/or upbeat note. Here’s a hint. Develop your conclusion so that there’s no need to fall back on the old standby: “Thank you” (or worse, “that’s it”).
6. Concentrate on your purpose. Your purpose is to inform, entertain, or persuade. But in a larger sense, your goal is to better the lives of your audience through this speech. If you keep that goal in mind at all times of your speech, you’ll earn the good will of your audience. That good will comes handy: if you make a little mistake, they’ll forgive you readily. You’re not trying to impress them; you’re trying to benefit them. Most people appreciate the effort, even if it’s less than perfect.
7. Remember paralanguage. As the saying goes, “it’s not just what you say but how you say it.” Work to offer dynamic vocals, relaxed and illustrative gestures, and meaningful eye contact. This latter component is essential. Don’t simply read from note cards; focus on all sides of the room and really *look* at individual audience members. The impression you generate is shaped as much by your voice and body language as by your word choice – maybe even more.
I am an associate professor of communication studies at San Jose State University, and I offer this advice with confidence. Follow these steps and you should do well.
The next step is to seek opportunities to practice the art, to make mistakes, receive feedback, and learn from your successes.
Good luck!
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